Decision rule inference limits social escape from learning traps

Budiono, R., Hartley, C. A., & Gureckis, T. M. (2025). Decision rule inference limits social escape from learning traps. PsyArXiv.


Abstract

Individual learners often show a tendency to engage in self-reinforcing avoidance, a pattern referred to as a learning trap. Across five experiments, we investigated the extent to which previously trapped learners can escape via social observational learning. While social observational learning did help a significant number of trapped learners escape, the majority of trapped learners remained trapped even after observing a partner demonstrate an optimal decision rule. Across several follow-up experiments, we unpack possible factors which limited the effectiveness of social observational learning. Overall, the results suggest that social decision rule inference (inferring a partner's decision rule from observed choices) was a key bottleneck for observational learning. Simulations show that these results were unanticipated by a leading model of social reward learning, and highlight a central role for inference in social learning.


Bibtex entry:

@article{budiono2025socialtraps,
	abstract = {Individual learners often show a tendency to engage in self-reinforcing avoidance, a pattern referred to as a learning trap. Across five experiments, we investigated the extent to which previously trapped learners can escape via social observational learning. While social observational learning did help a significant number of trapped learners escape, the majority of trapped learners remained trapped even after observing a partner demonstrate an optimal decision rule. Across several follow-up experiments, we unpack possible factors which limited the effectiveness of social observational learning. Overall, the results suggest that social decision rule inference (inferring a partner's decision rule from observed choices) was a key bottleneck for observational learning. Simulations show that these results were unanticipated by a leading model of social reward learning, and highlight a central role for inference in social learning.},
	author = {Budiono, R. and Hartley, C.A. and Gureckis, T.M.},
	journal = {PsyArXiv},
	preprint = {true},
	title = {Decision rule inference limits social escape from learning traps},
	year = {2025}}


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